India consumer protection and dispute resolution

India has clear public grievance channels for RBI and SEBI entities, but no comparable dedicated public VDA-only forum was located for ordinary non-securities crypto services.

Complaint-path diagram

Public grievance routes exist for RBI and SEBI entities. A comparable dedicated VDA-only public forum was not located in the reviewed materials.

Complaint architecture

Complaint handling in India depends on which perimeter the service sits in. RBI-regulated payment entities fall under the Reserve Bank - Integrated Ombudsman Scheme, 2021. SEBI-regulated entities fall under SCORES / ODR.

Ordinary non-securities VDA services do not have a comparable dedicated public grievance platform in the reviewed official materials. Their public-law perimeter is chiefly AML supervision through FIU-IND, while customer disputes usually return to contract, civil, or general consumer routes outside the FIU stack.

Complaint matrix

Route	Public mechanism	Boundary
RBI-regulated payment entity	Reserve Bank - Integrated Ombudsman Scheme, 2021.	Applies only to RBI-regulated entities.
SEBI-regulated entity	SCORES / ODR.	Applies only to SEBI-regulated entities.
Ordinary VDA service provider	FIU registration under FIU is AML supervision only.	No dedicated comparable public VDA forum identified.